SQL Server Constraints in the table

A SQL Server Database could have multiple tables and each table that has to be stored based on some rules. These rules are the possible checks & conditions which allows you to ensure the data validations before it is being inserted into a specific table.

SQL Server Constraints Types

SQL server constraints can be divided primarily into :

  1. SQL Server Table level constraints
  2. SQL Server Column level constraints
S. NoSQL Server Constraint Table / Column LevelDescription
1NOT NULL Column Level Column value cannot be specified as NULL
2UNIQUE Column Levelall values in the column need to be UNIQUE
3CHECKColumn Level all values in a column satisfies a specific condition
4DEFAULTColumn Levelspecifies a DEFAULT value for the column
5INDEXTable Levelapply indexes make the data retrieval fast
6 PRIMARY KEY Column LevelUnique identifier for the column. Combination of NOT NULL and UNIQUE values
7 FOREIGN KEY Column LevelIdentifies the Column with Unique values in another table referenced in another table.

SQL Server Constraints can be applied :

  1. Create Table
  2. Alter Table

Syntax: SQL Server ADD Constraints in Table

CREATE TABLE table_name (
table_col1 datatype constraint,
table_col2 datatype constraint,
table_col3 datatype constraint,n
….

table_col3 datatype constraint
);

CREATE TABLE oracleappshelpStudents
( StudentId INT IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY,
UserId INT REFERENCES oracleappshelpUsers (UserId),
Email VARCHAR(256) ,
CreatedBy VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
UpdatedBy VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
CreatedDate DATETIME NOT NULL,
UpdatedDate DATETIME NOT NULL )

We will be discussing in separate blog for each Constraint . Please refer the below given links

SQL Server Not Null Constraint in the table

SQL Server Primary Key / Foreign Key Constraint in the table

SQL Server Default Constraint Check

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